6.3 Onsite Support Services

Reduce VMT through clustering of personal services at park-and-ride/fringe parking facilities.

Description

Park-and-ride/fringe parking facilities that provide personal support services enhance passenger use of the facility. Riders are able to conduct personal business in one place, which reduces VMT.

Some services and amenities provided at park-and-ride/fringe parking facilities include convenience stores, financial services, child-care centers, postal services, laundry/dry cleaning, and food services.

Application

Urban areas with existing park-and-ride/fringe parking facilities.

Daily Emission Reduction (grams/day)=A+B+C\text{Daily Emission Reduction (grams/day)} = A + B + C

A=(N๐‘ƒ๐พร—UPร—F๐‘ˆ๐‘†๐ธ)ร—N๐ป๐ต๐‘‚ร—๐‘‡๐ฟ๐ป๐ต๐‘‚ร—๐ธ๐นBA = (N_{\mathit{PK}} \times U_{P} \times F_{\mathit{USE}}) \times N_{\mathit{HBO}} \times \mathit{TL}_{\mathit{HBO}} \times \mathit{EF}_{B}

Reduction in auto running exhaust emissions from a reduction in home-based other trips

B=(N๐‘ƒ๐พร—UPร—F๐‘ˆ๐‘†๐ธ)ร—N๐ป๐ต๐‘‚ร—๐‘‡๐ธ๐น๐ด๐‘ˆ๐‘‡๐‘‚B = (N_{\mathit{PK}} \times U_{P} \times F_{\mathit{USE}}) \times N_{\mathit{HBO}} \times \mathit{TEF}_{\mathit{AUTO}}

Reduction in auto start exhaust emissions from a reduction in home-based other trips

C=NPร—F๐ด๐‘‡ร—๐‘‡๐ฟ๐‘ƒ๐‘…ร—๐ธ๐นBร—2trips/dayC = N_{P} \times F_{\mathit{AT}} \times \mathit{TL}_{\mathit{PR}} \times \mathit{EF}_{B} \times 2 \ \text{trips/day}

Reduction in auto running exhaust emissions from a reduction in commute trip length multiplied by two trips per day (round trip)

Variables (Unit) Definitions
๐ธ๐นB\mathit{EF}_{B} (grams/mile) Speed-based running exhaust emission factor before implementation (NOX, VOC, PM, or CO)
F๐ด๐‘‡F_{\mathit{AT}} (percent) Percentage of participants who previously drove SOVs
F๐‘ˆ๐‘†๐ธF_{\mathit{USE}} (percent) Percentage of park-and-ride users that utilize the facilities
N๐ป๐ต๐‘‚N_{\mathit{HBO}} Average number of home-based other trips
NPN_{P} Number of new participants using onsite services at the park-and-ride/fringe parking facilities
N๐‘ƒ๐พN_{\mathit{PK}} Number of parking spaces
๐‘‡๐ธ๐น๐ด๐‘ˆ๐‘‡๐‘‚\mathit{TEF}_{\mathit{AUTO}} (grams/trip) Auto trip-end emission factor (NOX, VOC, PM, or CO)
๐‘‡๐ฟ๐ป๐ต๐‘‚\mathit{TL}_{\mathit{HBO}} (mile) Average trip length of home-based other
๐‘‡๐ฟ๐‘ƒ๐‘…\mathit{TL}_{\mathit{PR}} (mile) Average trip length to facility
UPU_{P} Parking facility utilization rate (estimate)

Source: Texas A&M Transportation Institute